In regional communities attractive to investors, government agencies had deployed external festival tourism developers to orchestrate the festival tourism events. During this regional festival tourism developmental process, the dissolution both of the community sense of ownership of festivals and the volunteer workforce was witnessed in many countries. Issues of cultural protocol, authenticity, ownership, leadership responsibility and funding dominated the responses of directors from both indigenous communities and regional arts or historic societies. In some cases, efforts were undertaken either to access the economic benefits or to regain control of their heritage as local cultural and social organizers began competing for the ferragamo shoes limited number of government grants and salvatore ferragamo outlet private sector donations. The competitions fuelled intercommunity rivalry within most regions and in some cases communities boycotted the professional, portfolio festival tourism endeavours as exampled in the Soil of Flame Festival experiments of 1997 (Arnold, 1998,1999a, b). The second dichotomy, rising between the state-funded, professionally managed festivals and the experimental projects of young artist festivals and ethnic festivals, was noted in a number of countries. Sponsors and government agencies viewed ferragamo outlet young artists as niche market activity and experimental projects as being on the fringe of market interest. Festival directors registered concern that youth and ethnic artists were not receiving adequate opportunities to express their cultures or to build artistic and presentation skills. In recognizing the importance of participatory expressions, directors were seeking to establish festival schools, workshops, extemporaneous performance opportunities, experimental development spaces and salvatore ferragamo shoes audience participation options attached to festivals as we exampled in the Soil of Flame projects undertaken from 1995 to 1997 (Arnold, 1999a, b).
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